WHAT IS FEVER?

A fever is an increase in body temperature above normal that is typically brought on by an infection. The average body temperature is about 37°C (give or take a degree; individual differences may apply). Minor variations could also occur during the day and night.

The immune system produces chemicals that cause the body’s thermostat to be changed to a higher setting, which results in the fever brought on by a viral or bacterial infection.

Contrary to popular opinion, the degree of a fever isn’t always proportional to how serious an illness is; for instance, meningitis, which can be fatal, may just slightly raise a person’s temperature.

The majority of minor fever cases go away on their own in a few days.

SELF-TREATMENT SUGGESTION:

Some general suggestions for self-treating a fever. It’s important to note that if you have a persistent or high fever, or if you’re experiencing severe symptoms, it’s always best to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance. Here are some self-treatment suggestions for managing a fever:

1. Rest: Make sure to get plenty of rest to allow your body to recover.
2. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids such as water, herbal tea, or clear broths to prevent dehydration.
3. Use over-the-counter medications: Non-prescription fever-reducing medications like acetaminophen (e.g., Tylenol) or ibuprofen (e.g., Advil, Motrin) can help reduce fever. However, it’s important to follow the recommended dosage and consult the instructions or a pharmacist if you have any doubts or pre-existing medical conditions.
4. Keep cool: Apply a cool compress to your forehead or take a lukewarm bath to help lower your body temperature. Avoid using ice or cold water as it may cause shivering and raise your internal temperature.
5. Dress lightly: Wear lightweight and breathable clothing to allow your body to dissipate heat more easily.
6. Use a fan or air conditioning: Circulating air in the room can help make you feel more comfortable.
7. Monitor your temperature: Keep track of your temperature using a reliable thermometer. If it persists or worsens, seek medical attention.
8. Maintain good hygiene: Wash your hands frequently to prevent the spread of germs, and cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when coughing or sneezing.

Remember, these suggestions are not a substitute for professional medical advice. If your symptoms worsen or persist, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

INFECTION IS USUALLY THE CAUSE:

The cause of fever is usually an infection of some kind. This could include:

1. diseases caused by viruses – such as colds, flu, COVID-19 or other upper respiratory tract infections.
2. diseases caused by bacteria – such as tonsillitis, pneumonia or UTI.
3. some chronic illnesses – such as rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis can cause fevers that last for longer periods.
4. some tropical diseases – such as malaria, which can cause bouts of recurring fever or  typhoid fever.
5. heat stroke – which includes fever (without sweating) as one of its symptoms.
6. drugs – some people may be susceptible to fever as a adverse effect of particular drugs.

WHEN TO SEEK QUICK, URGENT MEDICAL CARE?

If you or someone else exhibits any of the following signs, you should seek emergency medical attention:

A life-threatening sickness may be indicated by a fever, headache, and stiff neck, as well as a rash that does not blanch in response to skin pressure (which signals bleeding into the skin).

SYMPTOMS:

The symptoms of fever can include:

1. 1. feeling unwell
   2. feeling hot and sweaty
   3. shivering or shaking
   4. chattering teeth
   5. flushed face.

WHAT ARE DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES?
Fever is a symptom, not a disease, so the underlying cause must be identified before beginning a specific course of treatment. Your doctor may order some tests if the cause of the fever is not obvious after taking your medical history and performing an examination. These tests could consist of:

1. tests on blood
2. inspection and culture of the urine
3. throat swabs or a culture of a sample of mucus
4. inspection of the faeces and culture x-rays.